Paleontología de mamíferos del Alero Tres Arroyos I, Tierra del Fuego, XII Región, Chile
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1998
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El Alero Tres Arroyos, ubicado en Tierra del Fuego, XII Región, Chile, ha sido uno de los sitios arqueológicos más productivos de Chile austral en términos de la cantidad y diversidad de materiales óseos extraídos pertenecientes a mamíferos terrestres, tanto de especies extinguidas como actuales. Sin embargo, se requieren de estudios más detallados sobre estos materiales ya que la lista faunística del sitio está poco actualizada y los taxa descritos aún poseen nombres que no se encuentran estabilizados en la literatura. En el presente artículo, se describe
por primera vez para un sitio en Tierra del Fuego, el hallazgo de restos óseos de Panthera onca mesembrina (jaguar patagónico extinto). A su vez, se corrobora la presencia, previamente citada, del género Vicugna, que presenta consecuencias paleoecológicas y biogeográficas importantes,
considerando su rango de distribución actual. Además, son descritos por primera vez hallazgos de huesos de dos especies de roedores cricétidos. La lista de paleofauna de mamíferos descritos para Tres Arroyos aumenta de 6 a 15 taxa en este artículo, lo que representa un incremento de más del doble con respecto a las listas de fauna publicadas en 1987. La especies descritas para este sitio representan un 60% de la paleofauna total descrita en los sitios del Pleistoceno tardío de la XII Región de Chile. Las similitudes existentes entre las faunas de Tierra del Fuego y el continente sudamericano probablemente se debió a la existencia de puentes terrestres hace 12.000 MC años A.P.
The rock shelter Tres Arroyos, located in Tierra del Fuego, XII Region, Chile, has been one of the most productive archaeological sites of southernmost Chile in terms of the amount and diversity of extinct and extant land mammal bone remains extracted. Nevertheless, the fauna from this site is very poorly known as detailed studies are lacking on this material and the faunal list urgently needs updating and name stabilization in the literature. In the present article, the remains of Panthera onca mesembrina (extinct Patagonian jaguar) are described for the first time for a site in Tierra del Fuego. Remains previously cited for the genus Vicugna are here corroborated and considering the present day distribution of the genus, have important paleoecological and biogeographical consequences. The remains of two cricetid rodents are herein first described from the numerous rodent bones found at Tres Arroyos I. The paleofaunal list of described mammals from this site is augmented from 6 to 15 in this paper, representing over a twofold increase regarding the lists published in 1987 and represents 60% of the total paleofauna known from late Pleistocene sites in the XII Region, Chile. The affinities between these faunas are probably due to the existence of land bridges across the Strait of Magellan 12,000 14C yrs B.P. uniting Tierra del Fuego and the South American continent.
The rock shelter Tres Arroyos, located in Tierra del Fuego, XII Region, Chile, has been one of the most productive archaeological sites of southernmost Chile in terms of the amount and diversity of extinct and extant land mammal bone remains extracted. Nevertheless, the fauna from this site is very poorly known as detailed studies are lacking on this material and the faunal list urgently needs updating and name stabilization in the literature. In the present article, the remains of Panthera onca mesembrina (extinct Patagonian jaguar) are described for the first time for a site in Tierra del Fuego. Remains previously cited for the genus Vicugna are here corroborated and considering the present day distribution of the genus, have important paleoecological and biogeographical consequences. The remains of two cricetid rodents are herein first described from the numerous rodent bones found at Tres Arroyos I. The paleofaunal list of described mammals from this site is augmented from 6 to 15 in this paper, representing over a twofold increase regarding the lists published in 1987 and represents 60% of the total paleofauna known from late Pleistocene sites in the XII Region, Chile. The affinities between these faunas are probably due to the existence of land bridges across the Strait of Magellan 12,000 14C yrs B.P. uniting Tierra del Fuego and the South American continent.
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Palabras clave
Alero Tres Arroyos, Panthera onca mesembrina, Paleontología, Mamíferos terrestres
Citación
Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, Vol. 26, pp. 77-90, 1998