Los indios de los archipiélagos de la Patagonia. Un caso de adaptación a un ambiente adverso
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1985
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Las condiciones que derivan de una geografía bravía y un clima muy riguroso han dificultado hasta el presente el conocimiento acerca de la vida humana en los archipiélagos de la Patagonia occidental, en tiempos anteriores al arribo de los colonizadores. En este trabajo, se dan a conocer antecedentes preliminares sobre los resultados de una excavación realizada en el yacimiento de Punta Baja (Península de Brunswick, Magallanes). Sobre tal base se ha determinado una forma de economía que se postula como correspondiente a un tipo generalizado entre los indígenas canoeros. Al mismo tiempo se presenta y discute la singularidad de la adaptación humana a un territorio de condiciones naturales muy severas y se afirma la fragilidad de la misma, considerándosela como responsable del estancamiento poblacional y de la rápida extinción de la etnia alacalufe.
Conditions derived from a wild geography and a very rigorous climate hindered up to the present the knowledge of human life at the Western Patagonian archipelagoes before the arrival of european settlers. In this paper forth preliminary antecedents on a excavation at Punta Baja site (Brunswisk península, Magallanes) are given. On such a basis a pattern of economy, which has been postulated as corresponding to a generalized type among the canoe indians, is determined. At the same time, the singularity of human adaptation to a territory having very severe natural conditions is presented and discussed, asserting its fragilities and considering it as the cause of the population stagnation and the rapid extintion of the Alakaluf ethnia.
Conditions derived from a wild geography and a very rigorous climate hindered up to the present the knowledge of human life at the Western Patagonian archipelagoes before the arrival of european settlers. In this paper forth preliminary antecedents on a excavation at Punta Baja site (Brunswisk península, Magallanes) are given. On such a basis a pattern of economy, which has been postulated as corresponding to a generalized type among the canoe indians, is determined. At the same time, the singularity of human adaptation to a territory having very severe natural conditions is presented and discussed, asserting its fragilities and considering it as the cause of the population stagnation and the rapid extintion of the Alakaluf ethnia.
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Alacalufes, Kawéskar, Yacimientos arqueológicos, Indígenas canoeros
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Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, Vol. 16, pp. 45-52, 1985-86.