Evaluación de la información somatométrica por Gusinde sobre los aborígenes de Tierra del Fuego
Cargando...
Fecha
1993
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se estudia la variación somatométrica y se discuten las posibles relaciones de parentesco entre los grupos aborígenes de Tierra del Fuego (Selk'nam, Yamana y Halakwulup). Se empleó una muestra de 106 individuos de ambos sexos y diferentes edades, la cual fue revelada por Gusinde durante 1919 y 1924. Para cumplir con el objetivo de este trabajo se corrigieron los datos para la edad y el sexo y posteriormente se aplicaron técnicas estadísticas uni y multivariadas (análisis de la varianza, prueba de Tukey, selección de variables, análisis discriminante canónico y D2 de Mahalanobis). Los resultados del análisis univariado indican que el 85,5 % de las variables diferencian entre los tres grupos, que existe un gradiente Selk'nam - Yamana - Halakwulup de mayor a menor estructura física, y que los Selk'nam se diferencian de los Yamanas en el 71,7 % de los caracteres, los Selk'nam de los Halkwulup en el 95,6 % y los Yamana de los Halakwulup en el 50 %. Los resultados del análisis multivarido expresan una fuerte diferenciación biológica entre los tres grupos aborígenes. Los Selk'nam y los Halakwulup son los grupos más distantes entre sí, y los Yamana se encuentran aproximadamente a la misma distancia de los Selk'nam que de los Halakwulup. Se apoya la hipótesis ya existente de que las poblaciones de Tierra del Fuego se originaron a partir de dos corrientes migratoria, una proveniente del este de la cordillera de los Andes y la otra del oeste de dicho cordón montañoso. Por último se discuten las posibles relaciones biológicas entre los tres grupos de esta región.
The somatometric variation is studied and the probable links of relationsship between the native groups of Tierra del fuego (Selk'nam, Yamana and Halakwulup) are discussed. A sample of 106 individuals from both sexes and different ages which were surveyed by Gusinde during 1919 and 1924 was used. To acomlish with the objetive of this paper, data was corrected for age and sex, and later on statistical test uni and multivariated were applied (Analysis of variance, Tukey test, selection of variables, canonical discriminant analysis and D2 of Mahalanobis). Univariate analysis results show that 85,5% of the variables make difference between the three groups, that there is a gradient Selk'nam - Yamana - Halakwulup from major to minor physical structure, and that selk'nam from Halakwulup in a 95,6% and Yamana from Halakwulup in a 50%. Multivariate analysis results show a strong biological difference between the three groups. Selk'nam and Halakwulup the most distance and Yamana are aproximately to the same distance from Selk'nam and Halakwulup. It is supported the already existent hypotesis that the populations of Tierra del fuego were originated from two migratory flows, one from the east of the Andean Cordillera and the other from the west of that mountain chain. Finally, the probable biological relationships between the three groups of this región are discussed.
The somatometric variation is studied and the probable links of relationsship between the native groups of Tierra del fuego (Selk'nam, Yamana and Halakwulup) are discussed. A sample of 106 individuals from both sexes and different ages which were surveyed by Gusinde during 1919 and 1924 was used. To acomlish with the objetive of this paper, data was corrected for age and sex, and later on statistical test uni and multivariated were applied (Analysis of variance, Tukey test, selection of variables, canonical discriminant analysis and D2 of Mahalanobis). Univariate analysis results show that 85,5% of the variables make difference between the three groups, that there is a gradient Selk'nam - Yamana - Halakwulup from major to minor physical structure, and that selk'nam from Halakwulup in a 95,6% and Yamana from Halakwulup in a 50%. Multivariate analysis results show a strong biological difference between the three groups. Selk'nam and Halakwulup the most distance and Yamana are aproximately to the same distance from Selk'nam and Halakwulup. It is supported the already existent hypotesis that the populations of Tierra del fuego were originated from two migratory flows, one from the east of the Andean Cordillera and the other from the west of that mountain chain. Finally, the probable biological relationships between the three groups of this región are discussed.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Aborígenes de Tierra del Fuego, Somatometría, Etnias australes
Citación
Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia, Vol. 22, pp. 193-205, 1993-94.